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Kirchhoff's voltage law

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Objective

Verify that the voltage drops around a loop add up to the source voltage.

Procedure

  1. Run and add the three drops.
  2. Reverse the battery: all drops change sign.

Theory

KVL: Σ V = 0 around any closed loop. 12 V = I·(1 k + 2.2 k + 4.7 k) with I = 1.519 mA.

Questions to answer

  1. Which resistor takes most of the voltage?

Components used

Battery / DC source, 3 × Resistor 220 ohm 1/4W

About the model

Ideal wires; component models as listed in the catalogue (no parasitics, no temperature drift). Built without a breadboard so the schematic stays readable.

Open this experiment in the circuit simulator

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