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NOR as a universal gate

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Objective

Build NOT, OR and AND from NOR gates only and verify their truth tables.

Procedure

  1. Run and read the three probes (NOT A, A+B, A·B).

Theory

NOT A = NOR(A, A). OR = NOT(NOR(A, B)). AND = NOR(NOT A, NOT B).

Questions to answer

  1. What is the dual of NAND universality?

Components used

3 × Logic probe / LED, 2 × Logic switch, 5 × NOR

About the model

Ideal wires; component models as listed in the catalogue (no parasitics, no temperature drift). Built without a breadboard so the schematic stays readable.

Open this experiment in the circuit simulator

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